Does interior color contrast enhance spatial memory?

This study investigated the effect of contrast in neutral-, warm-, and cool-colored spaces on spatial memory. Spatial memory was measured in terms of architectural scale and recollection of architectural elements and furniture. Participants (N = 114) viewed a short virtual simulation video of a residential studio and were asked to sketch a map of the architectural elements on distributed grid paper. Spatial memory was measured in terms of scale, and item recall rate. Contrast and hue had no significant effect on the memorization of proportional scale. However, high-contrast schemes allowed for a significantly higher recollection of architectural elements than low-contrast schemes. In comparing the effect of hues, a significant difference was seen in recalling detailed furniture and lighting items. Participants reported significantly better spatial memory of neutral and warm color schemes than of cool color schemes. There was no interaction effect between contrast and hue in the color combinations. These results can be applied in the design of color schemes for architectural spaces requiring enhanced spatial cognition and memory.     

直升机液冷/蒸发制冷联合系统关键部件试验性能

现代军用直升机经常执行特殊飞行任务，其机载电子设备具有功率大、瞬间振荡、高热通量等特点，使得环控系统的冷却需求呈指数上升趋势，进而制约着直升机的巡航功能和战斗性能的提升。针对直升机机载大功率电子设备的冷却需求，结合制冷剂、冷却液循环等子系统，搭建地面稳态试验台，针对蒸发器、冷凝器等关键部件进行了地面稳态试验。研究过程采用仿真与试验相结合的方法，开展了制冷循环中蒸发器、冷凝器等关键部件稳态仿真计算，且完成了蒸发器、冷凝器的换热性能试验研究，对所建立的仿真模型进行了有效性校核与参数修正。上述研究可为后续直升机液冷/蒸发制冷系统的关键部件设计提供一定的参考。     

Deposition-environment-dependent structural and magnetic property modification of [111]-oriented epitaxial CoFe2O4 films

We examined the magnetic, structural, and chemical properties of CoFe₂O₄ films deposited on Al₂O₃ substrates using RF-magnetron sputtering under Ar and Ar + O₂ environments. Perpendicular magnetic anisotropy with large magnetization was observed in the case of the film deposited under the Ar + O₂ environment. However, no significant anisotropy appeared in the film deposited under the Ar environment. Interestingly, depth-dependent X-ray photoelectron spectra showed nearly identical stoichiometric ratios of Co/Fe and oxygen vacancies regardless of the deposition environment. Structurally, high-quality crystallinity with in-plane compressive strain, and lower surface and interfacial roughness were induced in the film deposited under the Ar + O₂ environment. Cross-sectional transmission electron microscopy and X-ray reflectivity measurements showed that oxygen not only suppressed the deposition rate but also increased the electron density of the film, resulting in better crystallinity. Hence, the presence of oxygen during deposition should be considered as one of the essential parameters for improving the structural and magnetic properties of ferrite films.     

低压力下环保型络合剂和氧化剂对铝合金化学机械抛光的影响

在低平坦化压力下用壳寡糖(COS)环保型络合剂及H₂O₂氧化剂化学机械抛光铝合金，用原子力显微镜观测抛光后的表面质量，并用X射线光电子能谱仪分析其表面的钝化膜元素，用纳米压痕仪分析钝化膜的力学性能，研究COS及H₂O₂对铝合金CMP的作用机理。结果表明:H₂O₂质量分数为2%时，材料去除率随COS含量的增加而增大，当COS质量分数为0.32%时，材料的去除速率达861 nm/min，表面粗糙度最低为2.50 nm；COS质量分数为0.50%时，材料去除率随H₂O₂含量的增加先增大后减小，当H₂O₂质量分数为1.2%时，材料的抛光去除速率达840 nm/min，同时其表面粗糙度为3.52 nm。加入COS络合剂会在铝合金表面形成主要成分为Al-COS、Al₂O₃和Al(OH)₃的弱钝化膜。      

Peanut FAD2 Genotype and Growing Location Interactions Significantly Affect the Level of Oleic Acid in Seeds

The level of oleic acid is an important parameter in determining seed nutritional quality and oil stability. The level of oleic acid in peanut is genetically controlled by a pair of fatty acid desaturase genes (FAD2A and FAD2B), but the environmental conditions of the production sites can also have a significant effect. To investigate the effect of gene and environment interaction, 45 accessions were grown at three locations for 2 years. Environmental data were collected; individual plants were genotyped with functional SNP markers from FAD2A and FAD2B; and seed level of oleic acid was determined by gas chromatography. Three FAD2A/FAD2B genotypes (448G/no insertion 442A, 448A/no insertion 442A, and 448A/insertion 442A) were identified and designated as G/W, A/W, and A/A, respectively. A/A genotype averaged the highest level of oleic acid (80.0%), followed by A/W (56.0%), and then G/W (40.7%). Analysis of gene and environment interaction revealed that oleic acid phenotype plasticity could be explained by the interaction of FAD2 genotype and photothermal time, which quantified environmental conditions. The A/W genotype was the most sensitive to photothermal time changes. The oleic acid plasticity revealed in this study would be useful for breeders, farmers, and product processors.     

特种车辆舱室送风系统布局仿真优化

特种车辆由于其功能特殊性和封闭性，无法像民用车辆一样利用窗户的开闭来控制舱室通风，长时间驾驶特种车辆，驾驶舱面临空间小、冷源少、热负荷大、缺乏新鲜空气等问题，且外部环境条件复杂。这就要求特种车辆舱室送风系统精细设计，满足人员和多个装置的热舒适和热控需求，因此有必要基于特殊车辆的驾驶舱特点，合理布局并优化通风系统，保证整舱热要求。为了让座舱送风与舱内热源热交换尽量完全，带出更多的热量，首先针对某型特种车辆，建立了典型舱室和乘员的三维物理模型和仿真模型。针对10种送风模式进行了详细的气流组织仿真优化分析，获得了特种车辆舱室多物理场。气流组织优化是从风口形式和送风口位置两方面进行，风口形式优化中提出多种风口组合形式，分别进行仿真。以设备温控、人员热舒适和空气龄等为目标，利用评价函数对仿真结果进行评价，对10种类型的送风工况进行了仿真。从仿真结果中，以上述多优化目标为依据，进一步开展了针对初步优选的送风形式的风口位置优化。在风口形式优化结果的基础上，采用遗传算法，将位置参数设为优化参数，选取两个评估函数作为优化的目标函数，并将头足温差等约束条件设置到优化模型中，对仿真结果进行筛选和逆优化研究，最终得到最优风口位置，完成气流组织优化。研究对于全密封特种车辆的有限空间热舒适性和空气质量研究具有一定意义。     

利用κ-Köhler理论研究大气气溶胶的吸湿特性

利用κ-K?hler理论对西安、北京两地大气气溶胶体系的吸湿特性进行研究。选取多种代表性无机物（硫酸盐、硝酸盐、氯盐）及有机物（烯烃、芳香烃、羧酸）建立气溶胶体系模型，使研究体系更接近于真实大气成分。结果表明，在空气质量由清洁状态向雾霾发生状态转变的过程中，两种体系中均呈现有机物含量逐渐减少而(NH₄)₂SO₄和NH₄NO₃含量逐渐增多的趋势，这种变化趋势总是促使气溶胶体系整体吸湿能力增强，因此更易吸湿增长形成雾霾。对体系中不同组分对吸湿性的影响进行了定量预测，理论预测的变动趋势与实际观测的变动趋势相同，揭示了雾霾形成过程中各组分的变动趋势及影响程度，为针对性解决雾霾问题提供思路。     

不同应用环境下MoS2基薄膜摩擦学性能研究进展

综述近30年来MoS_2薄膜的摩擦学研究进展,以及MoS_2作为极具代表性的固体润滑薄膜在航空航天等领域的广泛应用;分别从大气、真空、潮湿和高温等条件下简述MoS_2薄膜应用的优缺点及解决策略,并结合代表性的工作对具体问题展开论述;指出随着制备方法和技术的突破,MoS_2薄膜易氧化、不耐潮湿的问题得到有效解决,通过掺杂、织构化和纳米化等手段不仅发展出了大气环境下具有超滑性能的MoS_2薄膜,而且提高了其在450℃下的抗氧化性能;提出MoS_2薄膜的主要研究课题和方向为:进一步发展新型MoS_2基薄膜,以满足不同工况环境下的需求;进一步揭示高温、高湿度环境下MoS_2基薄膜润滑失效机制和延寿机制。     

The built environment,transportation policy,and population health: a comparison of two cities

This preliminary study assesses the relationship between active transportation, the built environment, and population perceived health in two comparable cities in the Southeastern United States at different stages of improving infrastructure for active commuting. Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance Survey data from 2006 to 2012 were analyzed for Charlotte, NC, and Jacksonville, FL. The annual difference between the percentage of Charlotte respondents rating physical health as good compared to Jacksonville’s increased at a rate of 13% based on an exponential growth regression model (p = 0.02). Supportive urban and transportation policies aimed at facilitating healthy behaviors are associated with healthier communities.     

A provable-secure and practical two-party distributed signing protocol for SM2 signature algorithm

Mobile devices are widely used for data access,communications and storage.However,storing a private key for signature and other cryptographic usage on a single mobile device can be challenging,due to its computational limitations.Thus,a number of(t,n)threshold secret sharing schemes designed to minimize private key from leakage have been proposed in the literature.However,existing schemes generally suffer from key reconstruction attack.In this paper,we propose an efficient and secure two-party distributed signing protocol for the SM2 signature algorithm.The latter has been mandated by the Chinese government for all electronic commerce applications.The proposed protocol separates the private key to storage on two devices and can generate a valid signature without the need to reconstruct the entire private key.We prove that our protocol is secure under nonstandard assumption.Then,we implement our protocol using MIRACL Cryptographic SDK to demonstrate that the protocol can be deployed in practice to prevent key disclosure.